The Koch Family Papers Part 2 (vol. 2)

Del 2 af den engelsksprogede bog om grønlandsforskeren Lauge Kochs liv og arbejde

Part 2: Drawings and maps from the 2nd Thule and Bicentenary Jubilee Expeditions (1916-1923) and the mapping of northern Greenland (Avannaarsua)

Volume 2: Mapping from Baffin to Koch and the role of Greenlanders

Af Peter R. Dawes

Lauge Koch (1892-1964) var involveret i Grønland i 50 år, og hans indsats fik stor indflydelse på arktisk geoscience. Hans personlige papirer blev deponeret i Rigsarkivet, men en samling af materiale forblev i familiens varetægt, og disse papirer danner grundlag for en bog, der blev udgivet i 2012 som Del 1 af en trilogi, The Koch Family Papers.

Nærværende tobindsbog – del 2 af trilogien – fokuserer på en unik samling fra før flyvningens tid: 200 tegninger og kort fra kortlægningen af Grønlands allernordligste Avannaarsua. Koch påbegyndte denne mammutopgave som student på Knud Rasmussens 2. Thule Ekspedition (1916-18) og fuldførte den på sin egen 200-års Jubilæumsekspedition (1920-23). På disse rejser var hjælpen fra den oprindelige befolkning – inuit – uvurderlig.

Bind 2 gennemgår den kartografiske og geologiske udforskning fra William Baffins første nedskrevne observationer i 1616, til Koch dukker op på scenen 300 år senere. Der sættes fokus på grønlændernes rolle i kortlægningen af deres eget land; deres samarbejdsvilje i alle områder af feltarbejdet var helt afgørende for Kochs succes.

Forfatteren

Geolog Peter R. Dawes, som er emeritus-forsker ved GEUS, har arbejdet med Grønlands geologi i mere end 50 år. Dawes' brændende interesse for udforskningshistorien i Arktis startede under hans deltagelse i flere ekspeditioner til Nordgrønland i 1960'erne. Her blev han introduceret til Lauge Kochs arbejde, og siden har Dawes, i beundring for Kochs store indsats, beskæftiget sig med hans virke, blandt andet gennem kontakt med Koch-familien.

Indhold

Volume 2: Mapping from Baffin to Koch and the role of Greenlanders

From William Baffin to Lauge Koch
The Inughuit and West Greenlanders
Historic downplaying of Greenlandic participation
Colonial rule and Greenlandic subordination

  • Robert Peary and recovery of the meteorites

Hans Egede: the founder of rational mapping
Peder Walløe, women's boat and regional exploration
Coastal surveys and an influential German theory
Paddling 1000 kilometres into the unknown
Discovery of Baffin Bay and Smith Sound in 1616
John Ross and Hans Zachæus reach Kap York in 1818
John Franklin: turning point in Arctic exploration
The 70-year procession through Smith Sound

  • Greenlandic participation
  • Wintering in the Far North

Man-hauling replaced by dogs with Hans Hendrik's help
Adolphus Greely's misfortune reversed by Robert Peary
Sledging by the winter moons: recipe for disaster
The northern magnet: Peary's spurious sea channel
A new and mighty fjord system claims three lives
Jørgen Brønlund's devout sense of duty to no avail
A Danish-Inughuit foursome rides the Imperial Highway but is misled
Polar conflict: resolved but disbelieved, so manipulated and mystified
Robert Peary: validation of Inughuit travel techniques and lifestyle
The Peary Effect: Inughuit acclimatisation and Danish colonisation
Inughuit tasks during an Indian summer
The Inughuit: born Arctic explorers
A squadron of biplanes caps a mapping era

Cartography status

  • Map status in 1916
  • First Danish maps: nothing but a political manifestation

Inughuit maps of their land

  • A remarkable set of hundred year-old Inughuit maps
  • Inughuit map from 1903 versus Danish map from 1906

Geology and glaciology status

  • Lay standouts: Peter Sutherland and Henry Feilden
  • The first geologists and glaciologists

Arctic Catch-22 and the physical parameters

  • The landscape: a rugged ice-bound wilderness
  • The climate and the frozen sea: harsh and unforgiving
  • Peary Land: main attraction, end-station and arctic desert
  • Timing the escape: from sea ice to land ice
  • Knud Rasmussen's fatal decision
  • Mapping in the face of illness and starvation

Wildlife depletion north of Kane Basin
Dual task of cartography and geology
National cartography receives an organisational boost
Koch as protégé of namesake Johan Peter Koch
The surveying instruments and the Koch theodolite

Benefits of an exclusive native escort
Systematic planning with echoes of Peary
'A firm hand in a soft glove' and the growth of the map
Daily life on the trail: routines and theodolite maintenance
An Inughuit geological contribution
Conclusion

Svend: not his choice
Family and public archives

  • The Koch Family Papers: not a niche collection
  • Archiving process is aborted
  • Criterion for deposition in Rigsarkivet: state employment
  • Four notebooks from 1916-17: each with a different home
  • Carl Koch: last guardian of the family archive

Revisions, reader feedback and errata

  • S/S Godthaab in 1950
  • Knud Rasmussen's urgent letter of invitation
  • Christmas at Upernavik 1920
  • Family mix up: Mathias and Therkel Mathiassen
  • Letters from 1895 reunited with Astrup's book

Acquisitions since Part 1

  • Four unpublished manuscripts: collated as numbers 41-44
  • 'Ørnereden' or Eagle's Nest: a final curiosity

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Sprog: Engelsk
Omfang:
242 sider

ISBN: 978-87-7871-442-8